A pandemic is a global public health crisis that requires a global response. Understanding how previous pandemics have unfolded can help guide the world’s future efforts to prepare for, and tame, future pathogen threats.
A disease is declared a pandemic when the spread of cases outpaces normal control measures. This has nothing to do with virology or population immunity, but rather how quickly the outbreak is spreading and where it is happening. This is different from a disease being endemic, which means the disease is consistently present in a region or country, often without causing any symptoms in most people.
It is important to stay home and limit exposure to others during a pandemic, especially if you are symptomatic. If you are not symptomatic, it is also a good idea to limit your travel and activities.
Many people are concerned that the world is running out of vaccine supplies. It is important to understand that vaccine availability is a complex supply chain issue, and there are multiple factors affecting it. The CDC recommends preparing for a prolonged pandemic by gathering books and school work to keep children occupied, stocking up on supplies such as hand sanitizer and tissues, and making sure you have a plan for where to go and what to do in the event of a pandemic.
It is critical to establish long-term funding mechanisms with clear policies and governance for prevention, preparedness, and response. NIAID and CEPI are already establishing such mechanisms, as well as research programs to advance the development of prototype vaccines against a variety of virus families with pandemic potential.